Programma Supermag Obuchenie Onlajn

Sep 18, 2018 - Here, is the list of top 10 web development certificates online & courses. W3Schools' Online Certification Program. Udemy is a popular online learning platform that offers free as well as the paid course on all topics with certificates. Dragon nest mobile download. Proudly powered by WordPress Theme: SuperMag by Acme Themes. Dec 14, 2011 - SuperMAG utilizes vector measurements of the magnetic field, which represent a variety of. MACCS Program, M. Engebretson and J.

[1] We use magnetometer chains collaborating with SuperMAG to derive SME, a generalization of the auroral electrojet indices calculated from 100 or more sites instead of the 12 used in the official auroral electrojet indices, AE(12) = AU(12) − AL(12). We investigate how these various indices relate to nightside auroral power by using both particle (DMSP) and image (Polar Ultraviolet Imager (UVI)) data. The best correlation is between SME and total nightside auroral power, namely, r = 0.86. Hence, nearly 3/4 of the minute‐by‐minute variance in nightside power can be determined by SME alone.

Interestingly, although the geophysical meaning of AE(12) has sometimes been challenged, we show that even that index correlates at the r = 0.81 level, or 2/3 of the variance, in nightside power. Most auroral power stems from the diffuse aurora, with a linear relationship between the auroral electrojet indices and nightside diffuse power. Thus, SME has a clear geophysical meaning: It samples the thermal portion of the magnetotail plasma sheet. We study how well SML (the generalization of AL) identifies substorms in two types of tests. The first is a comparison with a set of 1081 substorms determined from Polar UVI in 1997–1998, and the second is the use of DMSP particle precipitation data for superposed epoch analysis. The same algorithm applied to SML is much more likely (about 50% more likely) to identify an onset seen by UVI than is AL(12). Even when both indices can be used to identify onsets, the median delay after imaging onset until the AL indicator is less than half using SML (about 4 min versus 8 min).

There are 10,719 onsets in the SML data between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2002, of which 5084 are isolated. Isolated SML onsets behave almost identically to the onsets determined by global imagers.

Specifically, they represent the same sharp spike in auroral power, which is most pronounced in broadband (wave) precipitation, with the same duration and subsequent recovery. However, recurrent substorms (those following less than 2 h after a previous onset) rise from a higher baseline by a smaller percentage but with the same absolute change in auroral power, thus reaching a higher peak power. Introduction [2] No alternative characterizes magnetospheric activity on a global scale with the same continuity and high time resolution as an appropriately selected magnetic index. Substorms are a perennially favorite topic for magnetospheric researchers, and AL appears to be the index which best corresponds to substorm activity. Prior to onset, AL is typically small in magnitude, with the contributing station near dawn, whereas after onset the contributing station lies under the auroral onset bulge [ ]. The magnitude of AL is a good indicator of the strength of a substorm.